The Mississippi Bulldogs Men's Basketball team represents the University of Mississippi in both men's and women's basketball. The Bulldogs have a long history of successes starting from 1959, when they won their first Southeastern Conference (SEC) Championship. Since then, the Bulldogs have won the SEC Championships in 1961, 1962, 1963, 1991, and 2004. They have also won the SEC Tournament Championships in 1996 and 2002. The Mississippi Bulldogs have competed in the NCAA Basketball Tournament in 1963, 1991, 1995, 1996, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2008. The prestigious National Invitation Tournament (NIT) has also seen the Bulldogs play in 1974, 1990, 1999, 2001, and 2007.

In 1963, at the peak of racial discrimination in the United States, the Governor of Mississippi ordered the Mississippi Bulldogs not to play in the NCAA tournament, because the opposition (Loyola University of Chicago) had 4 starters of Afro-American origin. However, the Bulldogs defied that order and their coach Babe McCarthy led them to the NCAA finals where the Mississippi Bulldogs lost to the 'Ramblers'.